What is Web Browser ?

Web browser: Web browser is the software. It is used to view websites. It acts as an interface between the user and World Wide Web. It allows user to send request to a Web Server, to view the requested web page on their computer. 

                            How to search any URL Address on Google Chrome?

1. Click the search result with the URL you need. This will take you to the site.
2. In your browser's address bar at the top of the page, click once to select the entire URL.
3. Copy the URL by right-clicking it. selecting Copy.
4. Paste the URL by right-clicking it.

                                                  Some of commonly used web browser:

• Microsoft Internet Explorer (MSIE)
• Netscape Navigator
• Google Chrome
• Opera
• Mosaic
• Mozilla Firefox
• Apple Safari

All of these are graphical browsers. A graphical browser can display text as well as graphics. In addition, they can also present audio and video information. Earlier, the browser were text only.

Web browser communicate with web servers primarily using HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) to fetch web pages. HTTP allows web browsers to submit information to web servers as well as fetch web pages from them. Web pages are located by means of a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) which is treated as an address beginning with http: for HTTP access. Many browsers also support a variety of other URL types and their corresponding protocols, such as ftp: for FTP (File Transfer Protocol), gopher: for Gopher and https: for HTTPS (as SSL encrypted version of HTTP).

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) : HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It's the network protocol used to deliver virtually all files and other data (collectively called resources) on the World Wide Web, whether they're HTML files, images, query results, or anything else.The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the client - server network protocol that has been in use by the World - Wide Web since 1990. Whenever you surf the web, your browser will be sending HTTP request message for HTML pages, images, script and style sheets. Web server handle these request by returning response message that contain the requested resource.   

                                 

                        

                                                                    HTTP  Characteristics

1. HTTP is a 'connection-less' protocol. By connection less, we mean that the connection is closed as soon as the client's requirement is over. While working with a connection less protocol, the client makes a connection, send its request to the server, receives a response and then close the connection. So each request has to open a new connection.

2. HTTP is a 'stateless' protocol. A 'stateless' protocol does not retain the information about prior connection, and the protocol cannot distinguish one client's request from the other. In HTTP, every client connection opens  NEW SESSION THAT SENDS its request the stateless nature keeps the protocol very simple and straightforward. This consumes very few resources on the server and can support more simultaneous users since there are no client information overheads to be maintained throughout the sessions.

HTTP

 

 

 

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What is Procedure Oriented Programming (POP) ?

Procedure Oriented Programming (POP)

Procedure Oriented Programming (POP): - In the procedure-oriented approach, the problem is viewed as a sequence of things to be done such as reading calculating and printing. A number of functions are written to accomplish tasks. The primary focus is on functions. Procedure Oriented programming basically consists of writing a list of instructions for computer to follow, and organizing these instructions into groups known as functions. Data is used by various functions.

In a multi- functions program, many important data items are placed as global. So that very they may be accessed by all the functions. Each function has its own local data. C, COBOL, FORTRAN, PASCAL is supported procedure Oriented Programming (POP).

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v Structure of POP

Main Program ⇙⇘

Function-1

Function-2

Function-3

 

v Features / Characteristics of POP

1.   Importance is on algorithm or procedure method.

2.   Large program is divided into smaller program knows as functions.

3.   Most of the functions share global data.

4.   Data moves openly around the system from function to function.

5.   Function transform data from one form to another.

6.   It follows top down approach.

7.   Data security is low.